Hlau railyog ib hom steel bar uas muaj qhov ntev, duab plaub -section nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug I los yog U. Nws yog siv rau nruab railway lem, thiab lem rau cov tsheb tshwj xeeb xws li cranes, trolleys, thiab locomotives, thiab lwm yam.Lawv yog tsim los ntawm hlau ore, los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm metallurgy, kub dov, txias dov, raws li cov qauv sib txawv.
Dab tsi steel yog siv rau kev tsim cov ntsia hlau?
Rail steel yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau tsim feem ntau rau kev tsim cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Nws raug cais raws li qhov nruab nrab - carbon alloy steel, feem ntau muaj cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm carbon, manganese, thiab lwm yam alloying ntsiab lus uas txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau muaj xws li carbon (C), manganese (Mn), thiab qee zaum me me ntawm silicon (Si), chromium (Cr), thiab npib tsib xee (Ni). Cov ntsiab lus no pab txhawb rau cov hlau lub zog, hnav tsis kam, thiab tag nrho durability.
| Element (Symbol thiab lub npe) | Qhov feem pua (%) |
|---|---|
| C (Carbon) | 0.60 - 0.80 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.70 - 1.20 |
| Si (Silicon) | 0.10 - 0.50 |
| Cr (Chromium) | 0.10 - 0.30 |
| Ni (Nickel) | 0.00 - 0.20 |
| P (phosphorus) | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.05 |
| S (Sulfur) | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.05 |
Rail steel yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau, suav nrog cov khoom hnyav, kev ntxhov siab, thiab ib puag ncig. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws suav nrog lub zog tensile siab, zoo heev hnav tsis kam, thiab zoo toughness, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj cov qauv kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv hnyav tsheb.
| Standard Organization | Qib / Qib | Lub teb chaws / cheeb tsam ntawm Keeb Kwm | Lus Ceeb Toom/Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS | R260 | Teb chaws USA | Ze tshaj sib npaug rau EN 10025 S355 |
| AISI/SAE | 1080 | Teb chaws USA | Cov ntsiab lus carbon siab rau kev txhim kho hardness |
| ASTM | A1 | Teb chaws USA | General specification rau rail steel |
| EN | 10025 S355 | Teb chaws Europe | Cov qauv hlau nrog cov khoom zoo sib xws |
| DIN | 536 A | Lub teb chaws Yelemees | Cov kev sib txawv me me kom paub txog |
| JIS | G3101 SS400 | Nyiv | Sib piv tab sis nrog cov khoom sib txawv |
| GB | Q235 | Tuam Tshoj | Lub zog qis dua piv rau cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau |
| ISO | 6301 | Thoob ntiaj teb | Txheem rau kev siv tsheb ciav hlau |
Txij xyoo 2008,GNEE RAILtau muab steel rails ntawm ntau qib sib txawv rau ntau tshaj 18 xyoo, steel rails los ntawm GNEE yog heev recommened nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thiab txawv teb chaws.Wtih txiav ntug cov cuab yeej, GNEE ua tau zoo steel rails raws li cov kev cai ntawm feem ntau lub teb chaws. Standard rail, lub taub hau hardened rail, hnyav rail, lub teeb rail, crane rail thiab lwm yam yog tag nrho cov muaj nyob ntawm no, raws li ib tug ntawm cov Tuam Tshoj lub ntsiab rail tsum, GNEE RAIL tau ua hauj lwm rau muab kev lag luam ntsuab railway khoom thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no.
| Rail Hom | Txuj | Loj | Khoom siv | Txheem Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| QU Series | Suav YB/T 5055-2014 |
Q70, Q80, QU100, QH 120 |
U71Mn, U75V | 12m |
| Ib Series | German DIN536 |
A45, A55, A65, A75, A100, A120, A150 |
50mn,71mn ua | 10/12/15m |
| ASCE Series | Neeg Asmeskas ASTM, AREMA |
ASCE25, ASCE40, ASCE60, ASCE 75, ASCE 85, ASCE 90, ASCE 115, ASCE 136 |
700/900A/1100 | 6-12m, 12-25m |
| UIC Series | International Union ntawm Railways UIC860-0, EN-13674-1 |
UIC50, UIC54, UIC60 | 900A/1100 | 12-25m |
| Mining Rail | GB / T 11264-2012 | 8kg, 9kg, 12kg, 15kg, 18kg, 22kg, 24 kg, 30 hli |
Q235B, 55Q | 6-24m |
| Heavy Railroad Rails | GB 2585-2007 | 38kg, 43kg, 50kg, 60kg, 75kg | 50mn,71mn ua | 6-24m |
| BS Series | Askiv IB 11-1985 |
BS50'O', BS 60A, BS60R, BS75A, BS75R, BS80A, BS100A, BS113A, IB |
700/900A | 8-25m |
| JIS Series | Nyiv JIS E1103/1101 |
15kg, 22kg, 30A, 37A, 50N, Qauv: CR73, CR100 |
Raws li JIS | 9-10m |
| AS Series | Australian TIAB SA 1085 |
31kg, 41kg, 47kg, 50kg, 53kg, 60kg, 66kg, 68kg, 73kg, 1; 89kg |
900A/1100 | 8-25m |
| EN Series | EN Txuj TS EN 13674-4 |
54E1, 60E1, 39E1, 45E1, 49E1, 49E2, 49E5, 50E1, 50E6, 54E4 | R200, R260, R260MN, R350HT | 6-24m |
| ISCOR Series | South African ISCOR |
15kg, 22kg, 30kg, 40kg, 48kg, 57kg |
700/900A | 9-25m |
