Hlau rails, tseem hu ua railroad lem los yog railway kab, yog ib qho tseem ceeb Cheebtsam ntawm railway infrastructure. Lawv muab qhov chaw ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov rau cov tsheb ciav hlau mus ncig, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig kev thauj mus los. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm steel rails muaj ob peb kauj ruam, los ntawm kev npaj cov khoom siv raw mus rau qhov kawg tiav.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Steel Rails Tsim?
Kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tau hloov zuj zus. Cov kauj ruam hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom qib niaj hnub.
- Kev kho mob ua ntej
Nws pib nrog pretreatment ntawm molten hlau. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem impurities hauv cov hlau molten. Txoj kev niaj zaus yog desiliconize ntawm lub qhov kais ntawm lub qhov cub tawg, dephosphorize thiab desulfurize cov hlau molten hauv lub tsheb kub hlau tank. Qee tus kuj tau txais txoj kev "tandem" ntawm steelmaking, uas yog, dephosphorization thiab desulfurization ntawm molten hlau yog thawj zaug, thiab ces mus rau lub converter rau decarburization thiab smelting.
- Kev kho kom zoo
Txais cov tshuab refining sab nraum lub cub tawg. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau kho cov molten steel muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab molten steel kub, txo cov ntsiab lus suav nrog, thiab xyuas kom meej qhov tseeb ntawm molten steel muaj pes tsawg leeg thaum tapping.
- Nqus Degassing
Lub tshuab nqus tsev degas cov hlau molten tom qab steelmaking ntxiv txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydrogen, oxygen thiab lwm yam gases yaj nyob rau hauv cov hlau molten. Los ntawm kev ua li ntawd, kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem txo qis. Feem ntau degassing yog pom tau los ntawm VD txoj kev lossis los ntawm RH txoj kev. Tom qab lub tshuab nqus tsev degassing, cov ntsiab lus hydrogen (ntim feem) hauv cov hlau tuaj yeem tsawg dua 2.5PPM, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen (ntim feem) tuaj yeem tsawg dua 20PPM, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov hlau.
- Nruam Bloom Casting
Muab cov hlau molten rau hauv lub ladle, thiab nqa nws mus rau saum lub tshuab nruam nruam los ntawm cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm crane. Ncuav cov kua hlau rau hauv lub tshuab nruam nruam los nrum ib lub slab. Yog tsis muaj cua txias, cov hlau slab los yog "blooms" yog ncaj qha rhuab nyob rau hauv lub sov so rau ib lub sij hawm. Qhov no softens cov hlau rau ntxiv shaping. Tom qab ntawd nws tau squirted nrog dej ntawm tshaj 3700 PSI. cov dej dav hlau tshem tawm cov hlau oxide uas tau tsim los ntawm cov hlau saum npoo tawm hauv cov hlau slab npaj kom zoo li lub tsheb ciav hlau.
Cov txheej txheem nruam casting tau maj mam txhim kho hauv 20 xyoo dhau los. Vim yog siv cov kev tiv thaiv casting, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov oxidation theem nrab ntawm cov hlau molten thaum casting. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws txo qis cov kev suav nrog hauv cov hlau, thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau slab. Cov tuam txhab steel hlau loj hauv ntiaj teb tau txais cov txheej txheem nruam nruam los tsim cov hlua hlau.
Tom qab ua raws li cov kev ntsuas saum toj no, qib smelting ntawm rail hlau tau mus txog qib siab ntawm purity. Piv txwv li, qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov pa roj carbon muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tswj tau ntawm li 0.06% (feem ntau pawg).
Nws tau tshawb pom tias txhua lub tuam txhab uas siv cov hlau melton pretreatment, tawm - ntawm - cub refining, nqus degassing thiab nruam casting technologies tau txais lub cev zoo heev ntawm lawv cov ntsia hlau. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, thiab sulfur yog qhov tsawg heev, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev suav nrog: Hom A suav nrog tsawg dua chav kawm 1.5, thiab B, C, thiab D suav nrog tsawg dua chav kawm 1.0.
- Rolling
Lub steel slab yog ces ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub tshuab hu ua dov zeb uas squeezes cov duab plaub rau hauv T-zoo li tus lem thiab stretches cov ntsia hlau tawm ntau tshaj plaub quadrupling nws ntev.
- Kev kho cua sov
Kev kho cua sov nrov yog quenching thiab tempering lossis slack quenching. Qee lub tebchaws tau sim txhim kho lub zog tawm los thiab lub zog tensile ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm kev tswj qhov kub ntawm dov lossis kev kho cua sov hauv online. Tag nrho cov kev kho cua sov stabilizes microstructure ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.
- Ncaj ncaj
Tom qab txias, lub tshuab ncaj nraim ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm ob qho tib si kab rov tav thiab ntsug.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas
Kev tshuaj xyuas kev tsheb ciav hlau tseem yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb. Tshawb xyuas qhov chaw thiab sab hauv qhov tsis xws ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ultrasonic thiab eddy tam sim no.
- Sawing thiab drilling
Siv lub tshuab carbide nrog nyuaj alloy los ua cov txheej txheem thiab laum lub taub hau kom tau txais qhov tseeb siab.
Raws li ib tug kws steel rail chaw tsim tshuaj paus nyob rau hauv Suav teb, peb muaj peev xwm muab tau zoo thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi GB standard lub teeb railway steel rail. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm GNEE RAIL suav nrog 6kg, 9kg, 12kg, 15kg, 22kg, 30kg, 8kg, 18kg, 24kg thiab lwm yam qauv ntawm lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau suav nrog GB11264-89 tus qauv thiab YB222-63 tus qauv.
| Loj | A | B | C | t | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
| gb6kg ua | 25.4 | 50.8 | 50.8 | 4.76 | 5.98 |
| wb 9kg | 32.1 | 63.5 | 63.5 | 5.9 | 8.94 |
| GB 12 Kg | 38.1 | 69.85 | 69.85 | 7.54 | 12.2 |
| GB 15 Kg | 42.86 | 79.37 | 79.37 | 8.33 | 15.2 |
| wb 22kg | 50.8 | 93.66 | 93.66 | 10.72 | 22.3 |
| GB 30 Kg | 60.33 | 107.95 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 30.1 |
Heavy rail yog ib hom kev tsheb ciav hlau. Los ntawm cov khoom siv, cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav tuaj yeem muab faib ua (qis) manganese rail steel, (qis) tooj liab rail steel, (qis) silicon rail steel GNEE RAIL muab u71mn hnyav 50kg tsheb ciav hlau railway steel rail nrog tus nqi qis, thiab ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg suav nrog 38kg, 43kg, thiab 50kg. Txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog raws li GB2585-2007 tus qauv.
| Loj | A | B | C | t | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
| wb 38kg | 68 | 134 | 114 | 13 | 38.733 |
| wb 43kg | 70 | 140 | 114 | 14.5 | 44.653 |
| GB 50 Kg | 70 | 152 | 132 | 15.5 | 51.514 |
Crane railfeem ntau yog muab faib ua GB standard QU70, QU80, QU100, thiab QU120. Crane rail yog ua los ntawm u71mn, thiab nrog YB / T5055-93 tus qauv.
| Loj | A | B | C | t | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
| qw 70 | 70 | 120 | 120 | 28 | 52.8 |
| qw 80 | 80 | 130 | 130 | 32 | 63.69 |
| QU 100 | 100 | 150 | 150 | 38 | 88.96 |
| qw 120 | 120 | 170 | 170 | 43 | 118.1 |
NtawmGNEE RAIL, peb tshwj xeeb hauv kev muab ntau yam ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, suav nrog cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav, tsheb ciav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau crane thiab tsheb ciav hlau fastening, nrog rau kev sib tw siab -kev ua tau zoo rail clips thiab fastening daws. Rov qab los ntawm kev tswj hwm nruj thiab kev lag luam ntawv pov thawj, peb cov khoom raug tsim ua kom tau raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb thiab ntau qhov kev xav tau.
